Hydroquinone
Moderate Risk
Potential Irritant
Hydroquinone is a potent depigmenting agent and the gold-standard prescription treatment for melasma and hyperpigmentation. It works by inhibiting tyrosinase and inducing melanocyte cytotoxicity. Prescription strength is 4%; higher concentrations require a prescription in the US. Long-term use can cause ochronosis — a bluish-black discolouration — particularly in darker skin tones.
Benefits
brighteninghyperpigmentationmelasma
Potential Concerns
ochronosis with long-term useirritantprescription required at 4%+banned OTC in EU
Skin Type Guide
Works well for
NormalCombination
Use with caution
Sensitive